Introduction
Islandora Scholar is a suite of modules designed to help Islandora function as an Institutional Repository (although some features are helpful in other use cases as well). It is unique compared to other Islandora modules in terms of the number of features it provides as well as the vast amount of submodules that it contains. It is helpful to think of Scholar as being a kind of scholarly content solution pack due to the new content models it provides (citation & thesis), but it also differs from other solution packs in that it provides new functionality that may be used with other cmodels as well.
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- New citation & thesis content models
- Sherpa/RoMEO integration
- Creation of new objects from EndNote XML or RIS files exported from other systems
- Creation of new objects from Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) and PubMed IDs (PMIDs)
- Suppression of objects from display or disable viewing/downloading of particular datastreams
- Exporting of collections of bookmarks as RIS, RTF or PDF files
- User-selectable dynamic citation styling using Citation Style Language (CSL) files
- Extra HTML metadata to assist with Google Scholar indexing
This module requires the following external modules/libraries:
Islandora Scholar also requires the Citeproc, CSL and Bibutils modules in order to be enabled, but these modules are included in the /modules directory of Islandora Scholar module.
Please note that that enabling Scholar does not automatically enable the various Scholar submodules. They must be enabled separately, and they have their own separate requirements as well.
Installation
See this for further information about standard installation of Drupal 7 modules.
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Also, the included Bibutils submodule only provides PHP interface to the Bibutils tool itself. Bibutils must be installed separately on the underlying operating system. Follow these instructions for installing Bibutils.
Scholar Core
While "Scholar Core" is not an official community term, it can be a helpful way to keep track of the numerous features Islandora Scholar offers. In this context, "core" features are those that come from the islandora_scholar.module file itself as opposed to coming from one of the numerous submodules which can be enabled or disabled independently of the main Islandora Scholar module.
Citation & Thesis Content Models
The core Islandora Scholar module provides two new content models: the citationCModel and the thesisCModel. The citation cmodel is intended for general scholarly works, while the thesis cmodel is for handling electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs). While the datastream structure and default display of these two cmodels is nearly identical, they can be tweaked separately to accommodate the different use cases one may have for theses vs. other scholarly works, such as altered displays or separate metadata forms.
Please note that the citationCModel and thesisCModel are in the "ir" namespace, as opposed to the standard "islandora" namespace that other cmodels have had in the past. Due to this nonstandard namespace, Islandora instances that make use of namespace restrictions will need to enable the "ir" namespace in order for the citation & thesis cmodels to work.
Sherpa/RoMEO
Scholar Core includes Sherpa/RoMEO integration. Sherpa/RoMEO is a service which keeps on file and makes searchable the copyright & self-archiving policies of various academic journals.
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For more information about Crossref Open URL or to register, click here.
Citation Collection & Citation Style Management
The Islandora Bibliography submodule extends Islandora Bookmark to allow it to handle collections of scholarly citations, which can be dynamically restyled with the help of the Citeproc and CSL submodules. They can also be exported in RIS, RTF or PDF format with the Exporter submodule.
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If you want your users to be able to dynamically choose any available citation style from the citation/thesis object display interface, make sure to check the "Let users choose display CSL" checkbox at the bottom of the Islandora Scholar admin page at admin/islandora/solution_pack_config/scholar.
![](/download/attachments/85525165/Screen%20Shot%202016-06-05%20at%204.10.55%20PM.png?version=1&modificationDate=1493672534485&api=v2)
Generating citations
The appropriate type of citation will be displayed according to the content of the <genre> field in the MODS record for each Citation or Thesis object. In the default form, the "Publication Type" entry box near the top of the form is used to enter the MODS <genre>. A case-sensitive entry is required in order to generate the correct formatting:
MODS <genre> term | Format of the citation generated by Islandora Scholar |
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blank/default/ any-term-not- in-a-controlled -vocab | Citation will be formatted like a journal article. |
<genre>journal article</genre> | Citation will be formatted like a journal article. |
<genre>book chapter</genre> | Citation will be formatted like a book chapter. |
<genre>book section</genre> | Citation will be formatted like a book chapter. |
<genre>book</genre> | Citation will be formatted like a book. |
Google Scholar Integration
Getting indexed by Google Scholar is a primary concern for any institutional repository due to its overwhelming popularity with researchers. A properly configured IR should be seeing most of its visitors coming from Google Scholar, but Google Scholar has many requirements for repositories who want to be indexed. The Islandora Google Scholar submodule pulls relevant information from the MODS record of citation & thesis cmodels and turns it into meta tags and embeds it into the HTML of the display page which is the primary way that Google Scholar learns about your repository and its contents. See the meta tags with the "citation_" prefix in the screenshot below:
![](/download/attachments/85525165/scholar-meta-tags.png?version=1&modificationDate=1493672534402&api=v2)
Scholar Embargoes
The Scholar Embargo submodule is very similar to (and can even be used in conjunction with) the Islandora IP Embargo module. Scholar Embargo allows you to suppress the display of objects in collections entirely, or allow the objects to display but disable a specified datastream on an object. Embargoes may be indefinite (meaning that they will persist until manually lifted) or temporary (meaning that they will persist until the specified expiration date chosen by an administrator, with email notifications 10 days before and on the day of an embargo's expiration).
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You may also use the "Manage Embargoed Items" tab in the Islandora Scholar Embargo admin menu to see all objects that are currently under embargo.
![](/download/attachments/85525165/manage-embargoes.png?version=1&modificationDate=1493672534392&api=v2)
Community Best Practices for Embargoing
It is worth noting that the current best practice in the world of institutional repositories (citation needed) seems to be exposing the object display and metadata, but blocking the viewing or downloading of the full text record (typically a PDF file). This is so users can know what information is in the system through collection displays or search results, even if the system blocks them from fully accessing it. Many faculty and students like to check to make sure their records are in the repository and still embargoed, and when they can't find their record they may misunderstand and think it hasn't been loaded.
Issues with Object Embargoes
In order to place embargoes on objects, you must grant the "Manage embargo on any objects" permission to the appropriate user roles under the Islandora Scholar Embargo section of admin/people/permissions. This will allow a user to place object and datastream embargoes on objects, as well as remove or update datastream embargoes. Due to issues with the connection between Drupal permissions and the way Scholar Embargo implements its embargo policies through XACML, currently only the object's owner will be able to remove or update object embargoes. This is because the XACML policy works independently of Drupal permissions, and the embargo XACML policy will block everyone except the object's owner from managing the object at all once embargoed regardless of what Drupal permissions they have. A fix for this is in the works and should be part of the Islandora 7.x-1.8 release.
PDF Configuration
Text extraction relies on the text stream being embedded into the pdf. This isn't going to generate OCR for the book if it wasn't already done. Consider converting text-filled images with no text streams to TIFFs and using the Book Solution Pack with OCR enabled.
![](/download/attachments/85525165/003.png?version=1&modificationDate=1493672534382&api=v2)
Complimentary solution packs and utility modules
The Islandora code base includes a number of solution packs and utility modules that help to enhance the functionality of Islandora Scholar as a feature-rich institutional repository:
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