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To register a DOI one has to enter into a contract with a DOI registration agency that which is a member of the International DOI Foundation. Several such agencies exist. Different DOI registration agencies have different policies. Some of them offer DOI registration specially or only for academic institutions, others only for publishing companies. Most of the registration agencies charge fees for registering DOIs, all of them have different rules describing for what kind of item a DOI can be registered. To make it quite clear: to register DOIs with DSpace you have to enter into a contract with a DOI registration agency.

DataCite is an international initiative to promote science and research and a member of the International DOI Foundation. The members of DataCite act as registration agencies for DOIs. Some DataCite members provide their own APIs to reserve and register DOIs, others let their clients use the DataCite API from DataCite directly. Starting with version 4.0 DSpace support registering, reserving, ... DOIs supports the administration of DOIs by using the DataCite API directly or using by the API from EZID which is a service of the University of California Digital Library. So starting with DSpace 4.0 it is possible to use DOIs with all DataCite members that let you use the DataCite API directly and with EZID.

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