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In 2012, the Library of Congress (LC) began a project to end libraries' isolation from the semantic web through the creation of a new communication format, called BIBFRAME, as a replacement for the MARC formats. The development of BIBFRAME has been a complex one as its creators try to balance the need to capture the data encoded in MARC, the constraints of RDF, and input from the community it hopes to serve. In addition, there are other schemas available for libraries’ use, such as Schema.org, the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC-CRM), and the Europeana Data Model (EDM). Although not designed as replacements for MARC, these other schemas are used by important information communities, such as Europeana9 or Museums, with which libraries interact. The resultant metadata ecosystem has created a very complex environment.
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Likewise, the CIDOC-CRM has a special place in this project. Accepted as an ISO standard since 2006, CIDOC-CRM has been designed to encompass the full description of cultural heritage information: the objects themselves, their digital surrogates, and the metadata describing them, using either an objectcentric or event-centric modeling. The schema is extremely complex and tailored to the world of museums and cultural heritage organizations. Often, libraries may need to describe some of these materials but it is not the focus of their collections. They do, however, need to encompass the description of these objects in their discovery systems. The LD4P projects focusing on these materials will experiment with expanding BIBFRAME to include necessary concepts from CIDOC-CRM to produce a simpler but functional extension to BIBFRAME that can meet the basic needs of describing these materials in a common discovery interface.
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